Seminars in Radiation Oncology
Volume 20, Issue 4 , Pages 282-287 , October 2010

The Tumor Microenvironment and DNA Repair

  • Thomas J. Klein, MD, PhD
  • ,
  • Peter M. Glazer, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Peter M. Glazer, MD, PhD, Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040

References 

  1. Lobo NA, Shimono Y, Qian D, et al. The biology of cancer stem cells. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2007;23:675–699
  2. Tlsty TD, Coussens LM. Tumor stroma and regulation of cancer development. Annu Rev Pathol. 2006;1:119–150
  3. Keith B, Simon MC. Hypoxia-inducible factors, stem cells, and cancer. Cell. 2007;129:465–472
  4. Folkman J. Angiogenesis. Annu Rev Med. 2006;57:1–18
  5. Nowell PC. The clonal evolution of tumor cell populations. Science. 1976;194:23–28
  6. Sidransky D, Hollstein M. Clinical implications of the p53 gene. Annu Rev Med. 1996;47:285–301
  7. Bartek J, Bartkova J, Lukas J. DNA damage signalling guards against activated oncogenes and tumour progression. Oncogene. 2007;26:7773–7779
  8. Rice GC, Hoy C, Schimke RT. Transient hypoxia enhances the frequency of dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986;83:5978–5982
  9. Young SD, Marshall RS, Hill RP. Hypoxia induces DNA overreplication and enhances metastatic potential of murine tumor cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988;85:9533–9537
  10. Reynolds TY, Rockwell S, Glazer PM. Genetic instability induced by the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Res. 1996;56:5754–5757
  11. Yuan J, Narayanan L, Rockwell S, et al. Diminished DNA repair and elevated mutagenesis in mammalian cells exposed to hypoxia and low pH. Cancer Res. 2000;60:4372–4376
  12. Hammond EM, Dorie MJ, Giaccia AJ. ATR/ATM targets are phosphorylated by ATR in response to hypoxia and ATM in response to reoxygenation. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:12207–12213
  13. Wood RD. DNA repair in eukaryotes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1996;65:135–167
  14. Norbury CJ, Hickson ID. Cellular responses to DNA damage. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2001;41:367–401
  15. Mihaylova VT, Bindra RS, Yuan J, et al. Decreased expression of the DNA mismatch repair gene Mlh1 under hypoxic stress in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 2003;23:3265–3273
  16. Koshiji M, To KK, Hammer S, et al. HIF-1alpha induces genetic instability by transcriptionally downregulating MutSalpha expression. Mol Cell. 2005;17:793–803
  17. Bindra RS, Glazer PM. Co-repression of mismatch repair gene expression by hypoxia in cancer cells: Role of the Myc/max network. Cancer Lett. 2007;252:93–103
  18. Bindra RS, Schaffer PJ, Meng A, et al. Down-regulation of Rad51 and decreased homologous recombination in hypoxic cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol. 2004;24:8504–8518
  19. Bindra RS, Gibson SL, Meng A, et al. Hypoxia-induced down-regulation of BRCA1 expression by E2Fs. Cancer Res. 2005;65:11597–11604
  20. Corn PG, Ricci MS, Scata KA, et al. Mxi1 is induced by hypoxia in a HIF-1-dependent manner and protects cells from c-Myc-induced apoptosis. Cancer Biol Ther. 2005;4:1285–1294
  21. Nakamura H, Tanimoto K, Hiyama K, et al. Human mismatch repair gene, MLH1, is transcriptionally repressed by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors, DEC1 and DEC2. Oncogene. 2008;27:4200–4209
  22. Ren B, Cam H, Takahashi Y, et al. E2F integrates cell cycle progression with DNA repair, replication, and G 2/M checkpoints. Genes Dev. 2002;16:245–256
  23. Oberley MJ, Inman DR, Farnham PJ. E2F6 negatively regulates BRCA1 in human cancer cells without methylation of histone H3 on lysine. 9. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:42466–42476
  24. Wang A, Schneider-Broussard R, Kumar AP, et al. Regulation of BRCA1 expression by the Rb-E2F pathway. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:4532–4536
  25. Bindra RS, Glazer PM. Repression of Rad51 gene expression by E2F4/p130 complexes in hypoxia. Oncogene. 2007;26:2048–2057
  26. Crosby ME, Kulshreshtha R, Ivan M, et al. Regulation of DNA repair gene expression in hypoxic stress. Cancer Res. 2009;69:1221–1229
  27. Lee YS, Dutta A. microRNAs in cancer. Annu Rev Pathol. 2009;4:199–227
  28. Chan N, Koritzinsky M, Zhao H, et al. Chronic hypoxia decreases synthesis of homologous recombination proteins to offset chemoresistance and radioresistance. Cancer Res. 2008;68:605–614
  29. Fong PC, Boss DS, Yap TA, et al. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in tumors from BRCA mutation carriers. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:123–134
  30. Hegan DC, Lu Y, Stachelek GC, et al. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase down-regulates BRCA1 and RAD51 in a pathway mediated by E2F4 and p130. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:2201–2206
  31. Helleday T, Bryant HE, Schultz N. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP-1) in homologous recombination and as a target for cancer therapy. Cell Cycle. 2005;4:1176–1178
  32. Fink D, Nebel S, Aebi S, et al. The role of DNA mismatch repair in platinum drug resistance. Cancer Res. 1996;56:4881–4886
  33. Haffty BG, Son YH, Papac R, et al. Chemotherapy as an adjunct to radiation in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Results of the Yale mitomycin randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:268–276
  34. Sartorelli AC, Hodnick WF, Belcourt MF, et al. Mitomycin C: A prototype bioreductive agent. Oncol Res. 1994;6:501–508
  35. He C, Klionsky DJ. Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy. Annu Rev Genet. 2009;43:67–93
  36. Rosenberg SM. Evolving responsively: Adaptive mutation. Nat Rev Genet. 2001;2:504–515

PII: S1053-4296(10)00040-8

doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2010.05.006

Seminars in Radiation Oncology
Volume 20, Issue 4 , Pages 282-287 , October 2010